President Kennedy was the 35 president of the United States. Constitutional Powers Of President Kennedy Cuban Missile CrisisIn the fall of 1962 American planes near Cuba discovered Russian missiles that appeared to be pointing to the U.S. U.S intelligence found out that Cuba and the Soviet Union had been working together and it was assumed by many that the target of the missiles was America. When President Kennedy found out about this he was very upset and worried. On October 22, 1962 President Kennedy ordered a naval blockade in Cuba in order to prevent further supplies from the Soviet Union from leaking into Cuba. President Kennedy did this in order to keep Americans safe and most importantly to keep the missiles from being launched. Kennedy’s actions demonstrate his use of constitutional power. In Article II section 2 of the U.S constitution the president is given the title of “Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States.” As Commander in Chief the president is given constitutional power over the military and he does not have to share that power with anyone. He can make decisions on his own regarding the military. President Kennedy was able to give a direct order to the navy without having to seek permission from other branches of government, because the U.S constitution gives him that sole power. Kennedy’s Appointment of Robert F.Kennedy Upon becoming the President of the United States JFK made his little brother Robert F. Kennedy U.S Attorney General. The U.S Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice. Kennedy used his constitutional power to make his little brother U.S Attorney General. Under Article II section 3 of the U.S constitution the President is given the power to “nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States. Therefore the President has the power to appoint state officials. Shared Powers Of President Kennedy The Alliance For Progress of 1961 The Alliance For Progress of 1961 was an Alliance program that was created by the president in 1961. The program “aided economic development and military expansion in Latin America. Comprising the United States and 19 Latin American countries (with the notable exception of Cuba), the alliance planned to stop the spread of communism by encouraging improvements in education, health, housing, and agriculture within the region while providing counterinsurgency training to the region's armies” (Alliance For Progress 1). The Alliance For Progress Program was not a program that Kennedy could start on his own. Therefore in order to keep this promise Kennedy used his shared powers. Shared powers are powers that the president must share with other bodies of government, such as the legislative and judicial branches of government. The President cannot make treaties and alliances on his own because in Article II Section 2 of the U.S constitution it states “he shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur.” Therefore both the legislative branch and the executive branch must make treaties and alliances together. Thus the reason it is a shared power. The New Frontier Was a program that President Kennedy proposed at the beginning of his presidency. In this program Kennedy sought to reform many different things. He wanted to rebuild urban areas, provide individuals with health insurance, support education, build up the military, increase international aid, and expand the space program. Although this program seemed very beneficial and helpful it could not be enforced unless the legislative branch of government approved it first. In Article I section VII of the U.S constitution it states “ Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate.” Meaning that the Legislative branch of government must first pass a bill before it can move on to the President to be made law. Therefore the President cannot make laws on his own.
Dependent Role- A dependent role is making a promise that cannot keep because they have no power over what they promised. John F. Kennedy set mighty plans for a strike on continuous pockets of deprivation and shortage. This is a dependent role because he would not be able to follow through with this even if it was before he died because he needs congress to have approved for it first. Kennedy have ever critical demands with forceful actions in the need of that civil rights and in doing this there would need to be a new civil rights legislation. The dependant role of this is that Kennedy needed to have the Congress’s agreement to make those changes.
Loony Role- A Loony role is what denies him of his powers. Kennedy wanted everyone to join the Peace Corps and he that they would because that was his desire. This is a loony role because he does not have the power to make every person go into the Peace Corps. Kennedy thought that he had dealt with the interest of people to stop distributing of nuclear weapons and soon after the arms race. This is a loony role because he cannot stop the spreading of nuclear weapons because that is controlled by whoever spreads them. An Executive Privilege were the president of the United States or any officials on the executive branch can keep information from the Congress. The first time Kennedy used his Executive Privilege is when he stopped from a Pentagon censor being identified previous to one of the Senates conducted an investigation with the subcommittees.
Executive Order JFK Kennedy’s Executive Order of 1961 was one of the ways in which the U.S government sought to establish woman’s rights and services. This was the first government program set up to help woman after the 19th Amendment was passed. The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote. In his executive order Kennedy set up a commission of 13 women and 11 men who would oversee issues in regards to woman’s rights. Most importantly these individuals would oversee issues dealing with woman’s status.Ex. Woman’s wages and work hours. Rights over property
Sources Used"Alliance for Progress." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. "Executive order." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010."John F. Kennedy: Executive Order 10980 (1961)." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010."U.S. Constitution (1787)." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. John F. Kennedy's Members In His Cabinet President John F. Kenny had a Cabinet January 20, 1961 to November 22, 1963. Dean Ruck was the State for the Cabinet, he was more towards seeking out more advice from their allies. Douglas Dillon was the Treasury. He took notes, wrote down statements, schedules so his input did not pertain to the results or discussions. Robert S. McNamara was Defense. Kennedy always went to McNamara for his advice so Kennedy would go for what he wanted. McNamara was not against Kennedy’s decisions because they were his own. He did not always agree with Kennedy’s. For one of the problems they had McNamara suggested that that they do a naval blockade. Robert F. Kennedy was Attorney General. He had taken in all the options they had coming from everyone else had put them together so that they could all agree on things. Stewart Lee Udall was Interior. Luther Hartwell Hodges was Commerce. He was elected to bring better relations between the government and business. He was focused on trying to get people to avoid violence and he also dealt with political issues. Hodges was success in pulling in new industries to North Carolina. W. Willard Wirtz were a Secretary of Labor. He was the last serving survivor in the Cabinet for John F. Kennedy. He served for 8 eight years and got to being the Interior because he support Kennedy’s election. Udall helped Kennedy being successful in the Wilderness Act, Wild and Scenic rive act, expansion of the Nation Park System and creation of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Abraham A. Ribicoff. and Anthony J. Celebrezze were the health, Education and Welfare from 1962. President Kennedy Cabinet Appointments
Position
Individual
Years in Cabinet
Postmaster General
J. Edward Day
John A. Gronouski Jr.
1961-1963
1963
Secretary of Labor
Arthur J. Goldberg
W. Willard Wirtz
1961-1962
1962-1963
Secretary of health, education, and welfare
Abraham A. Ribicoff
Anthony J. Celebrezze
1961-1962
1962-`1963
Postmaster General
J. Edward Day was the Postmaster General for President Kennedy from 1961=1963. As Postmaster General he was responsible for introducing the American public to the use of zip codes. He was also expected to find a was to reduce the postal deflect. He did this by increasing postal rates. He resigned from the president’s cabinet in 1963 due to financial difficulties. Later in is life he wrote a book that contained his memories and experiences as Postmaster General. He titled his book My Appointed Round.
John A. Gronouski Jr. succeeded J. Edward Day as Postmaster General in President Kennedy’s cabinet. Gronouski was Postmaster General in 1963. He was the Firs Polish cabinet official and was responsible for coming up with the 5 digit zip code system and supported programs that discouraged discriminatory practices within the postal business. In 1965 he was appointed ambassador of Poland by President Johnson and during this time he left his post as Postmaster General.
Secretary Of Labor
Arthur J. Goldberg served as the Secretary of Labor in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1961-1962. While he was the Secretary of Labor he served as a mentor to Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Although he was part of the President’s cabinet he spent most of his time as an Associate Supreme Court Justice.
W. Willard Wirtz was the Secretary of Labor in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1962-1963. Wirtz replaced Goldberg in 1962 and was the Secretary of Labor throughout both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. During this time he dealt the labor union strikes of the 1960’s and is remembered the most for doing so.
Secretary of health, education, and welfare
Abraham A. Ribicoff was the Secretary of Education, Health, and Welfare in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1961-1962. Ribicoff had been trying to become a senator for years so when he was finally elected into senate in 1962 he left his post as Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in order to become a member of the U.S senate.
Anthony J. Celebrezze was the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1962-1963. Celebrezze remained the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare even after President Kennedy died. As he was also part of President Johnson’s cabinet. He is remembered best for supporting and passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Social Security Act of 1965.
Shared Powers Of President Kennedy
The Alliance For Progress of 1961
The Alliance For Progress of 1961 was an Alliance program that was created by the president in 1961. The program “aided economic development and military expansion in Latin America. Comprising the United States and 19 Latin American countries (with the notable exception of Cuba), the alliance planned to stop the spread of communism by encouraging improvements in education, health, housing, and agriculture within the region while providing counterinsurgency training to the region's armies” (Alliance For Progress 1). The Alliance For Progress Program was not a program that Kennedy could start on his own. Therefore in order to keep this promise Kennedy used his shared powers. Shared powers are powers that the president must share with other bodies of government, such as the legislative and judicial branches of government. The President cannot make treaties and alliances on his own because in Article II Section 2 of the U.S constitution it states “he shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur.” Therefore both the legislative branch and the executive branch must make treaties and alliances together. Thus the reason it is a shared power.
The New Frontier
Was a program that President Kennedy proposed at the beginning of his presidency. In this program Kennedy sought to reform many different things. He wanted to rebuild urban areas, provide individuals with health insurance, support education, build up the military, increase international aid, and expand the space program. Although this program seemed very beneficial and helpful it could not be enforced unless the legislative branch of government approved it first. In Article I section VII of the U.S constitution it states “ Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate.” Meaning that the Legislative branch of government must first pass a bill before it can move on to the President to be made law. Therefore the President cannot make laws on his own.
Dependent Role-
A dependent role is making a promise that cannot keep because they have no power over what they promised. John F. Kennedy set mighty plans for a strike on continuous pockets of deprivation and shortage. This is a dependent role because he would not be able to follow through with this even if it was before he died because he needs congress to have approved for it first. Kennedy have ever critical demands with forceful actions in the need of that civil rights and in doing this there would need to be a new civil rights legislation. The dependant role of this is that Kennedy needed to have the Congress’s agreement to make those changes.
Loony Role-
A Loony role is what denies him of his powers. Kennedy wanted everyone to join the Peace Corps and he that they would because that was his desire. This is a loony role because he does not have the power to make every person go into the Peace Corps. Kennedy thought that he had dealt with the interest of people to stop distributing of nuclear weapons and soon after the arms race. This is a loony role because he cannot stop the spreading of nuclear weapons because that is controlled by whoever spreads them. An Executive Privilege were the president of the United States or any officials on the executive branch can keep information from the Congress. The first time Kennedy used his Executive Privilege is when he stopped from a Pentagon censor being identified previous to one of the Senates conducted an investigation with the subcommittees.
Executive Order JFK
Kennedy’s Executive Order of 1961 was one of the ways in which the U.S government sought to establish woman’s rights and services. This was the first government program set up to help woman after the 19th Amendment was passed. The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote. In his executive order Kennedy set up a commission of 13 women and 11 men who would oversee issues in regards to woman’s rights. Most importantly these individuals would oversee issues dealing with woman’s status.Ex. Woman’s wages and work hours. Rights over property
Sources Used"Alliance for Progress." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010. "Executive order." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010."John F. Kennedy: Executive Order 10980 (1961)." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010."U.S. Constitution (1787)." American Government. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2010.
John F. Kennedy's Members In His Cabinet President John F. Kenny had a Cabinet January 20, 1961 to November 22, 1963. Dean Ruck was the State for the Cabinet, he was more towards seeking out more advice from their allies. Douglas Dillon was the Treasury. He took notes, wrote down statements, schedules so his input did not pertain to the results or discussions. Robert S. McNamara was Defense. Kennedy always went to McNamara for his advice so Kennedy would go for what he wanted. McNamara was not against Kennedy’s decisions because they were his own. He did not always agree with Kennedy’s. For one of the problems they had McNamara suggested that that they do a naval blockade. Robert F. Kennedy was Attorney General. He had taken in all the options they had coming from everyone else had put them together so that they could all agree on things. Stewart Lee Udall was Interior. Luther Hartwell Hodges was Commerce. He was elected to bring better relations between the government and business. He was focused on trying to get people to avoid violence and he also dealt with political issues. Hodges was success in pulling in new industries to North Carolina. W. Willard Wirtz were a Secretary of Labor. He was the last serving survivor in the Cabinet for John F. Kennedy. He served for 8 eight years and got to being the Interior because he support Kennedy’s election. Udall helped Kennedy being successful in the Wilderness Act, Wild and Scenic rive act, expansion of the Nation Park System and creation of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Abraham A. Ribicoff. and Anthony J. Celebrezze were the health, Education and Welfare from 1962.
President Kennedy Cabinet Appointments
John A. Gronouski Jr.
1963
W. Willard Wirtz
1962-1963
Anthony J. Celebrezze
1962-`1963
Postmaster General
J. Edward Day was the Postmaster General for President Kennedy from 1961=1963. As Postmaster General he was responsible for introducing the American public to the use of zip codes. He was also expected to find a was to reduce the postal deflect. He did this by increasing postal rates. He resigned from the president’s cabinet in 1963 due to financial difficulties. Later in is life he wrote a book that contained his memories and experiences as Postmaster General. He titled his book My Appointed Round.
John A. Gronouski Jr. succeeded J. Edward Day as Postmaster General in President Kennedy’s cabinet. Gronouski was Postmaster General in 1963. He was the Firs Polish cabinet official and was responsible for coming up with the 5 digit zip code system and supported programs that discouraged discriminatory practices within the postal business. In 1965 he was appointed ambassador of Poland by President Johnson and during this time he left his post as Postmaster General.
Secretary Of Labor
Arthur J. Goldberg served as the Secretary of Labor in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1961-1962. While he was the Secretary of Labor he served as a mentor to Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Although he was part of the President’s cabinet he spent most of his time as an Associate Supreme Court Justice.
W. Willard Wirtz was the Secretary of Labor in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1962-1963. Wirtz replaced Goldberg in 1962 and was the Secretary of Labor throughout both the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. During this time he dealt the labor union strikes of the 1960’s and is remembered the most for doing so.
Secretary of health, education, and welfare
Abraham A. Ribicoff was the Secretary of Education, Health, and Welfare in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1961-1962. Ribicoff had been trying to become a senator for years so when he was finally elected into senate in 1962 he left his post as Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in order to become a member of the U.S senate.
Anthony J. Celebrezze was the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in President Kennedy’s cabinet from 1962-1963. Celebrezze remained the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare even after President Kennedy died. As he was also part of President Johnson’s cabinet. He is remembered best for supporting and passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Social Security Act of 1965.